negatively charged. Ozone is a rare gas on Earth found mostly in the stratosphere. The common allotrope
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negatively charged. Ozone is a rare gas on Earth found mostly in the stratosphere. The common allotrope
meodingu Dim 17 Juil - 4:43
Allotropes of oxygen
Three presentations of a skeletal chemical zig-zag structure of three-oxygen molecule. Central atom is positively charged and end atoms are negatively charged.
Ozone is a rare gas on Earth found mostly in the stratosphere.
The common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth is called dioxygen, O2. It has a bond length of 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJ·mol−1.[18] This is the form that is used by complex forms of life, such as animals, in cellular respiration (see Biological role) and is the form that is a major part of the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence). Other aspects of O2 are covered in the remainder of this article.
Trioxygen (O3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue.[19] Ozone is produced in the upper atmosphere when O2 combines with atomic oxygen made by the splitting of O2 by ultraviolet (UV) radiation.[6] Since ozone absorbs strongly in the UV region of the spectrum, the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere functions as a protective radiation shield for the planet.[6] Near the Earth's surface, however, it is a pollutant formed as a by-product of automobile exhaust.[19] The metastable molecule tetraoxygen (O4) was discovered in 2001,[20][21] and was assumed to exist in one of the six phases of solid oxygen. It was proven in 2006 that this phase, created by pressurizing O2 to 20 GPa, is in fact a rhombohedral O8 cluster.[22] This cluster has the potential to be a much more powerful oxidizer than either O2 or O3 and may therefore be used in rocket fuel.[20][21] A metallic phase was discovered in 1990 when solid oxygen is subjected to a pressure of above 96 GPa[23] and it was shown in 1998 that at very low temperatures, this phase becomes superconducting.[24]
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Three presentations of a skeletal chemical zig-zag structure of three-oxygen molecule. Central atom is positively charged and end atoms are negatively charged.
Ozone is a rare gas on Earth found mostly in the stratosphere.
The common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth is called dioxygen, O2. It has a bond length of 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJ·mol−1.[18] This is the form that is used by complex forms of life, such as animals, in cellular respiration (see Biological role) and is the form that is a major part of the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence). Other aspects of O2 are covered in the remainder of this article.
Trioxygen (O3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue.[19] Ozone is produced in the upper atmosphere when O2 combines with atomic oxygen made by the splitting of O2 by ultraviolet (UV) radiation.[6] Since ozone absorbs strongly in the UV region of the spectrum, the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere functions as a protective radiation shield for the planet.[6] Near the Earth's surface, however, it is a pollutant formed as a by-product of automobile exhaust.[19] The metastable molecule tetraoxygen (O4) was discovered in 2001,[20][21] and was assumed to exist in one of the six phases of solid oxygen. It was proven in 2006 that this phase, created by pressurizing O2 to 20 GPa, is in fact a rhombohedral O8 cluster.[22] This cluster has the potential to be a much more powerful oxidizer than either O2 or O3 and may therefore be used in rocket fuel.[20][21] A metallic phase was discovered in 1990 when solid oxygen is subjected to a pressure of above 96 GPa[23] and it was shown in 1998 that at very low temperatures, this phase becomes superconducting.[24]
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Date d'inscription : 01/03/2011
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